锆合金在含碘酸性环境下的腐蚀研究
锆合金在含碘酸性环境下的腐蚀研究(论文10000字)
摘 要
在300～400℃ 的蒸汽和高温高压水中锆合金具有非常好的耐腐蚀性能、力学性能适中、较低的原子热中子吸收截面，对核燃料有很好的相容性，因此可用作水冷核反应堆的堆芯结构材料（燃料包壳、压力管、支架和孔道管），这些是锆合金的主要用途。锆对多种酸（如硝酸、盐酸、醋酸和硫酸）、盐和碱有优良的抗蚀性，所以锆合金也用于制作耐蚀部件和制药器件。锆与氧、氮等气体有强烈的亲和力，所以锆和锆合金还在电真空和灯泡工业中被广泛用作非蒸散型消气剂。锆具有优异的发光特性，所以能作为闪光和焰火的材料。
但锆合金的耐腐蚀性能是相对的，在特定的温度、压力及腐蚀介质的作用下，腐蚀破坏仍然可能会发生。当锆合金所处的介质中含有某些活性阴离子时，便会发生腐蚀。虽然在宏观上腐蚀失重很少，但具有很高的穿透速率，危害性很大，而且在很多情况下它是晶间腐蚀、应力腐蚀和腐蚀疲劳等局部腐蚀的起源，因此研究点蚀发生的机理与规律，采取有效的预防措施，对设备的安全高效长周期运行，装置效益的提高，具有重要的意义。针对含碘醋酸溶液为主要腐蚀介质，本文选取锆合金为研究对象，通过化学浸泡法，对其腐蚀行为进行了研究，分析产生腐蚀的机理。根据以上试验研究，分析锆合金发生腐蚀失效的原因，确定合理的方案，为锆合金的耐腐蚀提供合理的依据。 [资料来源：http://doc163.com]
关键词：锆合金 腐蚀 醋酸 碘离子
ABSTRACT
Zirconium alloy has good corrosion resistance at high temperature and high pressure water vapor in the 300 ~ 400 ℃ , moderate mechanical properties, low thermal neutron absorption cross section of atoms of the fuel has a good compatibility , and therefore can be used as a water-cooled reactor core structural material ( cladding of the fuel pressure tube , the tube holder and channel ) , which is the main purpose of the zirconium alloy. Zirconium on various acids (such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid and acetic acid), bases and salts have excellent corrosion resistance, the corrosion resistance of zirconium alloys for the production of pharmaceutical components and devices. Zirconium and oxygen, nitrogen and other gases have a strong affinity, so zirconium and zirconium alloys and also electric vacuum bulb industry has been widely used as a non -evaporable getter (see getter material). Zirconium has excellent light emission characteristics, and it becomes flash fireworks materials.
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However, the corrosion resistance of zirconium alloys can be relative, in particular under the effect of temperature, pressure and corrosive media, corrosion damage may still occur. When the medium in which the zirconium alloy containing certain active anions, corrosion will occur. Although the macro- corrosion weight loss is small, but has a high penetration rate, great harm, but in many cases it is intergranular corrosion, stress corrosion and corrosion fatigue origin, such as localized corrosion, pitting corrosion occurs and therefore research mechanisms and laws, to take effective preventive measures for safe and efficient operation of the long cycle of the equipment, device efficiency improvement is significant. For iodine solution of acetic acid is mainly corrosive media , the paper selected for the study of zirconium alloy , chemical immersion and electrochemical methods , the corrosion behavior were studied, the mechanism of corrosion analysis. According to the above experimental study, analyze the reasons for the failure of the zirconium alloy corrosion occurs; determine a reasonable solution to provide a reasonable basis for the zirconium alloy corrosion. [资料来源：http://www.doc163.com]
Key Words: Zirconium alloys Corrosion Acetic acid Iodide
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目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章 绪 论 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2碘对锆合金腐蚀的影响 1
1.3锆合金碘应力腐蚀破裂的影响因素 2
1.4锆合金的发展 3
1.5锆合金的腐蚀研究 4
1.6锆合金腐蚀行为的影响因素 4
1.7改善锆合金耐蚀性能的途径 6
1.8 本课题要研究或解决的问题和拟采用的研究手段 7 [资料来源：www.doc163.com]
第二章 锆合金材料在含碘醋酸溶液中腐蚀行为的研究 9
2.1 前言 9
2.2 腐蚀试验 9
2.2.1试样制备 9
2.2.2试验条件 11
2.2.3试验方法 11
2.3试验结果 11
2.3.1浸泡实验 11
2.3.2金相实验 12
2.3.3腐蚀速率计算 14
2.4分析与讨论 15
2.5结论 15
第三章 总结与展望 15
参考文献 17
致 谢 19 [资料来源：Doc163.com]