可降解塑料PLA塑木复合材料的合成及性能研究
可降解塑料PLA塑木复合材料的合成及性能研究(任务书,开题报告,外文翻译,论文10000字)
摘 要
聚乳酸（PLA）作为一种优良的生物基可降解材料，长期以来一直被作为石油基塑料的替代品，木质素来源于植物的细胞壁储存量仅次于纤维素位居第二位，而且其还具有良好的抗降解和抗紫外能力。本文工作主要以PLA和木质素为原料，进行复合材料的制备和性能测试。首先，我们对原生木质素进行处理，然后对它的性质进行分析测试，发现它具有较高的纯度和安全的温度区间。然后将聚乳酸和木质素进行混合配料，通过熔融共混和注塑工艺制备不同质量比的木质素/聚乳酸复合材料，并测定其力学性能。实验发现，复合材料的力学性能均下降，与纯的PLA相比，下降最厉害的是40 wt%的木质素填充。与30 wt%填充时相比，拉伸强度在40 wt%木质素填充时下降最为严重，下降了16.73 %；与20 wt%相比，30 wt%弯曲模量和弯曲强度均下降最为厉害，弯曲强度下降了11.67 %，弯曲模量下降了18.82 %；在冲击强度中，下降最为严重的10 wt%木质素填充，冲击强度较纯PLA下降了17.36 %。与纯PLA相比，虽然制备的复合材料性能略有下降，但是生产成本大大下降，有利于市场的大规模应用。
关键词：聚乳酸 木质素 可降解材料 塑木复合材料 [资料来源：www.doc163.com]
Synthesis and Performances of Degradable Plastic PLA Based Plastic Wood Composites
ABSTRACT
As an excellent bio-based degradable material, poly lactic acid (PLA) has long been used as a substitute for petroleum-based plastics. The storage of lignin from plant cell wall is second only to cellulose, and its It also has good resistance to degradation and UV. The work of this paper mainly uses PLA and lignin as raw materials to prepare and test the composite materials. First, we processed the native lignin and then analyzed its properties to find it has a high purity and safe temperature range. Then, poly lactic acid and lignin were mixed and mixed, and lignin/poly lactic acid composite materials with different mass ratios were prepared by melt blending and injection molding process, and the mechanical properties were determined. The experiment found that the mechanical properties of the composites decreased, compared with pure PLA, the most significant decline was 40 wt% lignin filling. Compared with the 30 wt% filling, the tensile strength decreased most when the 40 wt% lignin was filled, which decreased by 16.73%. Compared with 20 wt%, the 30 wt% flexural modulus and bending strength decreased most. The bending strength decreased by 11.67%, the flexural modulus decreased by 18.82%; in the impact strength, the most severe 10 wt% lignin filling, the impact strength decreased by 17.36% compared with pure PLA. Compared with pure PLA, although the prepared composite material has a slight decrease in performance, the production cost is greatly reduced, which is favorable for large-scale application in the market.
Key words: Poly lactic acid (PLA); Lignin; Degradable Polymers; Mechanical behavior
[资料来源：http://www.doc163.com]
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章 文献综述 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 木质素的研究进展 3
1.2.1 木质素的结构与性质 3
1.2.2 木质素的来源 4
1.2.3 木质素的应用 5
1.3 聚乳酸的研究进展 5
1.4 木塑复合材料的研究进展 6
第二章 实验材料与方法 8
2.1 实验材料 8
2.2 实验仪器 8
2.3 木质素的提取与纯化 9
2.4 木质素的组成、结构和物化性质测试 9
2.5 木塑复合材料的制备 10
2.6 复合材料力学性能测试 11
第三章 结果与分析 12
3.1 木质素的组成、结构和物化性质测试结果 12
3.2 复合材料力学性能测试结果 15
3.2.1 拉伸性能 15
3.2.2 弯曲性能 16
3.2.3 冲击性能 16
3.2.4 扫描电镜图 17
第四章 结论与展望 18
4.1 结论 18
4.2 展望 18
参考文献 19
致 谢 22
[资料来源：http://doc163.com]